My research and teaching interests include Climate Change, Oceanography, Marine Ecology, and Biogeochemistry. I am also engaged in the creation of environmental policy that is directed towards solving key problems involveing the oceans. My research group studies global environmental change with a focus on air-sea interactions, tropical marine ecosystems, polar climate change past and present, and the biogeochemistry of elements involved in life processes in the sea, e.g., oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, phosphorus, and carbon, to name several.

Since arriving at Stanford in 1997 (from Rice University), I have created and/or led a number of environmental acadmic programs. In October, 2001, I became the founding director of a new Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Environment and Resources (IPER, now Emmett-IPER), a position I held through 2005. In January, 2003, I was appointed the Victoria P. and Roger W. Sant Director of the Earth Systems Program,the largest undergraduate and co-terminal masters program in the School of Earth, Energy, and Environmental Sciences. In January, 2004, I was named the J. Frederick and Elisabeth B. Weintz University Fellow in Undergraduate Education. This fellowship is in recognition of teaching and mentoring of Stanford undergraduate students and is the most meaningful honor I have ever received. I was named the William M. Keck Professor of Earth Science in 2008, the same year that I moved from the Department of Geological and Environmental Sciences (now the Department of Geological Sciences) to the newly created Department of Earth System Science. In 2009, I was elected as a Trustee for the Consortium for Ocean Leadership in Washington D.C. where I am active in promoting sound ocean policy as well as federal funding for ocean research. In 2018 I was appointed to the Board on Atmospheric Science and Climate of the U.S. National Academy of Sciences. Over the past 15 years I have helped start new tropical marine stations, run many field programs in Antarctica and the tropics, and engaged in many types of international science exchange and partnership. Details of some these activities can be found in my CV.

We are currently working on several projects in Antarctica to assess the impacts of climate change on Southern Ocean ecosystems and C-system chemistry. Some of this work focuses on the Ross Sea where we are studying the modern uptake of carbon dioxide by the ocean and the sensitivity of primary production to changes in nutrients, temperature, sea ice cover, and C chemistry of seawater. We are also using sediment cores from fjords and shelf basins of East Antarctica and the Antarctic Peninsula to study past and changes in the Antarctic Ice Sheet. We are also engaged in analysis of stable isotopes of oxygen and hydrogen in seawater samples from along Antarctica's ice margins. This is a new method, completely independent of satellite data, that shows promise for the estimation of melt rates from Antarctica's continental ice sheet. The method is easily transported to other ice margins in Patagonia, Alaska, and Greenland.

I've also begun an exciting new project working in the Chagos Archipelago, British Indian Ocean Territory. With funding from the Bertarelli Programme in Marine Science we are working with colleagues at Oxford University the Zoological Society of London to understand biological, physical, and genetic drivers of change in the regions coral reefs. Our project is part of a much larger effort focussed on transformative scientific research within one of the world's largest and pristine no-take Marine Protected Areas.

My group specializes in high resolution studies of climatic and oceanic variability in modern lakes and oceans as well as during the past 50 to 12,000 years. By understanding what natural climate variability looks like in our recent past, we are better able to understand man-made impacts on our climate system. To pursue this research we use the skeletons of long-lived corals from the tropics and the deep sea, as well as sediments from lakes and marine environments. We use chemical, isotopic, and morphological measurements of these materials to investigate the timing and rates of change associated with past climate and C cycle excursions. Field areas include the American Samoa, Antarctica, Easter Island, the Galapagos Islands, Patagonia, and Palau.

After years of only working in remote locations on the far side of the world, I finally have a project in my backyard. Working with colleagues at Cal State Northridge, MBARI, and Stanford, we have instrumented a Kelp Forest at Stanford's Hopkins Marine Station in Pacific Grove to examine how the kelp community modifies seawater and is in turn impacted by changes in seawater chemistry.

We are also engaged in a collaboration with colleagues in Civil and Environmental Engineering at Stanford and MBARI to develop instrumentation and methodologies for better understanding and measuring ocean physics and biogeochemistry in coastal marine systems.

I travel alot for my work and I am an avid nature photographer. See this page for photographs from Antarctica, South Georgia, Falklands, New Guinea, Kamchatka, Australia, Palmyra, Palau, American Samoa, Argentina, Alaska, Chile, Japan, Maldives, Seychelles, Mauritius, Chagos, Nepal, Greenland, Iceland, and Africa. Some of my videos are posted at my youtube site.

Education
- Ph.D., 1981, Oceanography, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, UC San Diego
- B.S., 1975, Geology (with Special Honors), University of Texas, Austin

Employment

 
Full CV

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- GES 4: Undergraduate Seminar in Geological and Environmental Sciences
- GES 38N: Stanford Introductory Seminar: Science and History of Polar Exploration
- GES 41: Stanford Introductory Seminar, El Nino: History and Predictability of a Global Climate Pacemaker
- GES 56: Stanford Introductory Dialog, Change in the Coastal Ocean: The View from Monterey Bay
- GES 56Q: Stanford Introductory Seminar, Change in the Coastal Ocean: The View from Monterey Bay
- GES 155: Biogeochemistry of the Southern Ocean
- GES 163: Introduction to Isotope Geology
- GES 164: Stable Isotope Geochemistry
- GES 205: Advanced Oceanography
- GES 206: Antarctic Marine Geology & Geophysics
- GES 254: Paleoceanography
- GES 257: Climate Variability and Forcing Mechanisms of the last 2000 years
- GES 290: Numerical Analysis of Geological Time Series
- ESS 182: Stanford @ SEA
- IPER 310: Environmental Forum Seminar
- EARTHSYS 210 Earth Systems Senior Seminar
- EARTHSYS 297 Directed Study and Creative Writing
- ESS 240 Advanced Oceanography
- ESS 242 Antarctic Marine Geology
- EARTHSYS 199 Honors Program
- OSPGEN 53 Corals of Palau: Ecology, The Physical Environment, and Reefs at Risk
- OSPGEN 12 Uttermost Part of the Earth The Intersection of Nature and the Human Enterprise in Patagonia
- OSPGEN 2020 Earth’s 3rd Pole: Coupled Human-Natural Systems in the Khumbu Valley, Nepal
- ESS 10SC In the Age of the Anthropocene: Coupled-Human Natural Systems of Southeast Alaska
- ESS 40 Approaching Palau: Preparation and Research Ideation and Development

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